Pir has been widely applied to protect the privacy of the user in querying a. Part of the lecture notes in computer science book series lncs, volume 6531. The traditional private information retrieval protocols based on the notion of oblivious transfer must publish the description of each data item stored in the database in order for the user to make a choice before users run the protocol each data items content is not revealed though. We consider the problem of private information retrieval pir of a single message file out of m messages from n distributed databases under asymmetric t. One trivial, but very inefficient way to achieve pir is for the server to send an entire copy of the database to the user. Lecture 19 oblivious transfer ot and private information.
Improving the robustness of private information retrieval ieee. A private information retrieval pir protocol allows a user to obtain. Once you are interested in a book, you talk to the librarian. Private information retrieval software free download. Pir has been widely applied to protect the privacy of the user in querying a service provider on the internet. Pir has been widely applied to protect the privacy of. Buy introduction to information retrieval book online at. Jafar submitted on 29 feb 2016, last revised 27 feb 2017 this version, v2. A private information retrieval scheme enables a user to privately recover an item from a public accessible database stored on a server. In this chapter we present an experimental implementation of the tagged private information retrieval protocol tpir. The book aims to provide a modern approach to information retrieval from a computer science perspective. Pir can be achieved using mutuallydistrustful replicated databases, trusted hardware, or cryptography.
Private information retrieval journal of the acm acm digital library. Abstract in ecommerce, the protection of user privacy from a server was not considered feasible until the private information retrieval pir problem was stated recently. Protecting data privacy in private information retrieval schemes. Private information retrieval synthesis lectures on. Many variants of the basic pir model have been proposed, in. The user chooses uniformly at random kindices log 2 nbit strings i 1i k such that i 1 i k i. He then sends to the jth server all the indices but i j, and the servers execute the protocol. Pir can be applied to preserve the con dentiality of queries to online data sources in many domains, such as online patents. The capacity of the problem is defined as the maximum number of information bits of the desired file retrieved per downloaded bit.
However, the user could get some information about other database items. In such schemes a database modelled by an n bit string x is replicated between k noncommunicating servers. Homomorphic encryption and applications by xun yi, russell. From these foundations, applications are developed in the fields of private information retrieval, private searching on streaming data, privacy preserving data mining, electronic voting and cloud computing. The server does not gain any information about which item the user is retrieving. Private information retrieval gives you possiblity to retrieve data from database without giving database information what you have retrieved. Modern information retrieval by ricardo baezayates. Since 1995, much work has been done creating protocols for private information retrieval pir.
Bioinspired private information retrieval system over cloud service using the social bees lifestyle with a 3d visualisation. There are two phases in our problem setting, a caching phase, and a retrieval phase. Private information retrieval pir private information retrieval pir 217 problem formulation alice wants to obtain information from a database, but she does not want the database to learn which information she wanted e. Locally decodable codes and private information retrieval. Pir is a weaker version of 1outofn oblivious transfer, where it is also required that the user should not get information about other. For example, by pir, one can query a locationbased service provider about. This means that each individual database gets no information on the identity of the item retrieved by the user. In cryptography, a private information retrieval pir protocol is a protocol that allows a user to retrieve an item from a server in possession of a database without revealing which item is retrieved. The main cost measure for such a scheme is its communication complexity. Private information communication complexity modify rank boolean circuit private information retrieval these keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. A trivial solution to the pir problem is to send the entire database x the user. Private information retrieval single server computational version can be constructed with n communication based on hardness of deciding quadratic residuosity kushilevitz.
Private information retrieval benny chory oded goldreichz eyal kushilevitzx madhu sudanapril 21, 1998 abstract publicly accessible databases are an indispensable resource for retrieving up to date information. A new approach to private information retrieval lecture notes in computer science book online at best prices in india on. Permission to make digital or hard copies of part or all of this work for personal or classroom use is granted without fee provided that copies are not made or distributed for profit or commercial advantage and that copies bear this notice and. Online edition c 2009 cambridge up an introduction to information retrieval draft of april 1, 2009. Elisa bertino this book deals with private information retrieval pir,a technique allowing a user to retrieve an element from a server in possession of a database without revealing to the server which element is. We report on a highly optimized prototype implementation of our system, which is practical on realworld set sizes. Private means that the server does not know about i, that is, the server does not learn which bit the client is interested in. Manning, prabhakar raghavan and hinrich schutze, introduction to information retrieval, cambridge university press. In cryptography, a private information retrieval protocol is a protocol that allows a user to retrieve an item from a server in possession of a database without revealing which item is retrieved. Private information retrieval an overview and current trends dmitri asonov. Secure symmetric private information retrieval from.
Private information retrieval pir schemes allow a user to retrieve the ith bit of an nbit data string x, replicated in k. A private information retrieval pir protocol enables a user to retrieve a data item from a database while hiding the identity of the item being retrieved. Homomorphic encryption and applications xun yi springer. Introduction to modern information retrieval guide books. In this paper we focus on the later setting which is known as single. Part of the lecture notes in computer science book series lncs, volume 5262. Informationtheoretic private information retrieval.
Introduction to information retrieval by christopher d. Private information retrieval single server computational version can be constructed with n communication based on hardness of. Permission to make digital or hard copies of part or all of this work for personal or classroom use is granted without fee provided that copies are not made or distributed for profit or commercial advantage and that copies bear this notice and the full citation on the first page. An information theoretic approach, the first ieee east asian school of information theory and communication easitc, national taiwan university ntu, taipei, taiwan, august 2018. This system has the advantage of being able to change to the different modules from the system and their functionality modifying the configuration xml.
Information retrieval ir is the activity of obtaining information system resources that are relevant to an information need from a collection of those resources. Secure function evaluation can be constructed based on oblivious transfer well show this in a future lecture, but see also goldreichs book. Lecture 22 oblivious transfer ot and private information. Introduction to information retrieval is a comprehensive, authoritative, and wellwritten overview of the main topics in ir. Private information retrieval pir related private information retrieval. Online edition c2009 cambridge up stanford nlp group. The book offers a good balance of theory and practice, and is an excellent selfcontained introductory text for those new to ir. Java information retrieval system jirs is an information retrieval system based on passages. Searches can be based on fulltext or other contentbased indexing. Overall our proposed it solution, which delivers a personalized service but avoids transmitting users personal information to third parties, reduces users perceptions that their information boundaries are being intruded upon, thus mitigating the personalization privacy paradox and increasing both process and content gratification. We consider the private information retrieval pir problem from decentralized uncoded caching databases. For example, contact discovery between a client with 1024 contacts and a.
A uni ed construction 9 by an nbit string x, where the user, holding some retrieval index i, wishes to learn the ith data bit xi. We describe schemes that enable a user to access k replicated copies of a database kspl ges2 and privately retrieve information stored in the database. Private information retrieval under asymmetric traffic constraints. The capacity of private information retrieval from.
This book deals with private information retrieval pir, a technique allowing a user to retrieve an element from a server in possession of a database without revealing to the server which element is retrieved. Private information retrieval from distributed storage systems. In the private information retrieval pir problem a user wishes to retrieve, as efficiently as possible, one out of k messages from n noncommunicating databases each holds all k messages while revealing nothing about the identity of the desired message index to any individual database. Upper bound on the communication complexity of private. Private information retrieval pir systems allow a user to retrieve a record from a public database without revealing to the server which record is being retrieved. What are some good books on rankinginformation retrieval. This is the companion website for the following book. This book deals with private information retrieval pir,a technique allowing a user to retrieve an element from a server in possession of a database without revealing to the server which element is retrieved. Lecture 22 oblivious transfer ot and private information retrieval pir boaz barak december 8, 2005 oblivious transfer we are thinking of the following situation. You can order this book at cup, at your local bookstore or on the internet. Protecting data privacy in private information retrieval.
Private information retrieval pir protocols make it possible to retrieve a file from a database without disclosing any information about. We describe schemes that enable a user to access k replicated copies of a database k 2 and privately retrieve information stored in the database. Download practical private information retrieval for free. Informally, a tpir protocol retrieves data from a database without revealing the entry that the data is taken from and that satises additional security properties. Haffari g and teh y hierarchical dirichlet trees for information retrieval proceedings of human language technologies. In the last decade, a new paradigm had seen the light named cloud computing, which allows the delocalization of data and applications on a. In this work, we investigate whether by replicating the database, more efficient solutions to the private retrieval problem can be obtained. Efficient computationally private information retrieval from. Which minister you look up in your online address book.
Sennur ulukus university of maryland, college park. In particular, we obtain a twoserver scheme with communication complexity on. Citeseerx document details isaac councill, lee giles, pradeep teregowda. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves. By definition, a private information retrieval pir protocol allows a user to retrieve a record of his. Private information retrieval rmit research repository. But how database can answer questions without knowing them. This book introduces the fundamental concepts of homomorphic encryption. Private information retrieval schemes are cryptographic constructions for retrieving data from a database, without the database or database administrator being able to learn any information about the content of the query. Download free sample this book deals with private information retrieval pir, a technique allowing a user to retrieve an element from a server in possession of a database without revealing to the. Formally, private information retrieval pir is a general problem of private retrieving the ith bit out of annbit string stored at the server. A private information retrieval pir scheme is a protocol in which a user retrieves a record from a database while hiding which from the database administrators.
Information theoretic private information retrieval. The database is assumed to be computationally unbounded. Private information retrieval ieee conference publication. Private information retrieval pir schemes are cryptographic protocols designed to safeguard the privacy of database users.
We present various pir schemes with signi cantly smaller communication complexity than the obvious nbit solution i. The computational complexity column stanford university. Privacyenhanced attributebased private information retrieval. In addition to the books mentioned by karthik, i would like to add a few more books that might be very useful. Private information retrieval schemes are cryptographic protocols developed in order to protect the privacy of the users query, when accessing a public database. Pir is a weaker version of 1outofn oblivious transfer, where it is also required that the user should not get information about other database items. We describe schemes that enable a user to access k replicated copies of a database k.
Introduction to information retrieval stanford nlp group. Private information retrieval pir user wants to retrieve a file stored on a server without any information on which file is being retrieved introduced by chor et. A t private private information retrieval pir scheme allows a user to retrieve the ith bit of an nbit string x replicated among k servers, while any coalition of up to t servers learns no. Private information retrieval pir is normally modeled as a game between. The 2009 annual conference of the north american chapter of the association for computational linguistics, 173181. Querying databases privately a new approach to private. Abstract download free sample this book deals with private information retrieval pir, a technique allowing a user to retrieve an element from a server in possession of a database without. But they also pose a signi cant risk to the privacy of the user, since a curious database. Elisa bertino this book deals with private information retrieval pir, a technique allowing a user to retrieve an element from a server in possession of a database without revealing to the server which element is. In cryptography, a private information retrieval pir protocol is a protocol that allows a user to retrieve an item from a server in possession of a database without. It is based on a course we have been teaching in various forms at stanford university, the university of stuttgart and the university of munich. This book deals with private information retrieval pir, a technique allowing a user to retrieve an element from a server in possession of a database without.
343 758 612 914 435 708 36 329 14 511 280 5 554 322 1025 576 893 792 276 734 1009 237 1386 1321 430 1113 88 189 230 799 1417 260 971 685 1206 1019 810 1214 109 111